Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is an essential molecule involved in numerous biological processes in the body. Some of the benefits attributed to NAD+ include:
1. Energy production: NAD+ plays a crucial role in cellular metabolism and energy production. It serves as a coenzyme in various metabolic pathways, such as glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation, helping convert food into usable energy.
2. DNA repair and maintenance: NAD+ is required for DNA repair enzymes called PARPs (Poly ADP-ribose polymerases). These enzymes help repair damaged DNA and maintain genomic stability, which is essential for preventing mutations and reducing the risk of diseases.
3. Anti-aging effects: NAD+ levels decline with age, and this decline has been associated with various age-related conditions. Boosting NAD+ levels through supplementation or other means has been suggested to promote healthy aging, increase longevity, and improve overall cellular function.
4. Reducing inflammation: NAD+ helps regulate the activity of proteins called sirtuins, which have been linked to reducing inflammation in the body. By modulating the activity of sirtuins, NAD+ may help mitigate chronic inflammation, which is associated with several diseases, including metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and cardiovascular conditions.
5. Neuroprotection: NAD+ is involved in maintaining neuronal health and function. It has been suggested that boosting NAD+ levels could protect against neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's by enhancing mitochondrial function, enhancing DNA repair mechanisms, and reducing neuroinflammation.
6. Metabolic health: NAD+ activates enzymes such as sirtuins, which play a role in regulating metabolism. By influencing metabolic pathways, NAD+ may help improve various metabolic functions, such as glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and insulin sensitivity.